Sun spots are flat, brown, or dark spots that appear on the skin after prolonged exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) rays. They typically develop on areas of the body that receive the most sun exposure, such as the face, hands, shoulders, and arms. Sun spots are harmless and painless, but they can be aesthetically bothersome for some individuals.
The primary cause of sun spots is overexposure to the sun’s UV radiation. When the skin is exposed to UV rays, it triggers an increase in melanin production, which is the pigment responsible for giving color to our skin. However, excessive sun exposure can lead to an uneven distribution of melanin, resulting in the formation of sun spots.
Other factors that can contribute to the development of sun spots include age, which leaves the skin less able to repair itself from sun damage.
Being fair-skinned is also a risk due to having less melanin, which helps naturally protect skin against the sun
Fortunately, there are several effective treatment options available for sun spots:
This treatment involves freezing the sun spots with liquid nitrogen, causing them to blister and eventually fall off. It may require multiple sessions for optimal results.
Over-the-counter creams containing ingredients like hydroquinone, retinol, or kojic acid can help lighten sun spots over time. Prescription-strength creams may be recommended for more stubborn cases.
Prevention is key to managing sun spots. Regularly applying broad-spectrum sunscreen with a high SPF, wearing protective clothing, and seeking shade during peak sun hours can help prevent further sun damage.
