Melasma is a chronic skin disorder that causes brown or grayish patches to develop on the face. These patches typically appear on the cheeks, forehead, bridge of the nose, and upper lip. Melasma occurs when there is an overproduction of pigment called melanin in certain areas of the skin.
Some individuals may have a genetic predisposition to developing Melasma.
Melasma is often associated with hormonal changes, such as pregnancy, hormonal therapies, or oral contraceptives.
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun can worsen Melasma by stimulating melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing melanin.
The first line of defense in managing Melasma is strict sun protection. This includes wearing broad-spectrum sunscreen, using protective clothing, and seeking shade.
Dermatologists often prescribe topicals containing hydroquinone, retinoids, Vitamin C, tranexamic acid, exosomes, corticosteroids or kojic acid to lighten the patches.
